The next noun class is Ki-Vi class. Nouns in this class either begin with "ki" and pluralize as "vi" or begin with "ch" and pluralize with "vy". Just a the M-Mi class is the known as the "tree class", the Ki-Vi class is known as the "tool class", as it contains small implements such as knives, spoons, and fingers. It is also the "diminuative" class. In English, we use the suffix "-y" to form diminuatives, e.g. "Bob" becomes "Bobby", and also form adjectives from nouns, e.g. "water" to "watery". In Swahili the "ki" prefix works the same way. For examples, the Swahili word for baby, "kitoto", is formed "mtoto" meaning "child". The adjective "kimataifa" meaning "internaionally" similarly comes from the word "mataifa" meaning "nations". As we saw with the the M-Mi class, many nouns in this class do not well into these catagories. The Lesson 4 nouns are shown below:

The corresponding subject markers for Ki-Vi class nouns are:

In this lesson we will also learn how to form the passive voice form of verbs for the cases not covered in Lesson 04, i.e., when the verb root doesn't end in "consonant + a". This can be divided into two rules, which work in most cases:

• If the verb root ends in "a", look at the second-to-last letter. If the second-to-last letter is "a", "i", or "u", replace the last letter ("a") with "-liwa". If the second to last letter is "e" or "o", replace the "a" with "-lewa".

• If the verb root ends in "i" or "u", replace the "i" or "u" with "iwa"

These rules can be seen in the Lesson 5 verbs listed below. Here we see the verb "-nunua" meaning "to purchase", becomes "-nunuliwa". The verb "-toa" meaning "to give" becomes "-tolewa" meaning "to be given". The verb "-rudi" mmeaning "to return" becomes "-rudiwa" meaning "to be returned". These three verbs are quiet useful in there active voice, but in this lesson we will only test the passive voice forms.

The Lesson 4 exercise includes only the Lesson 4 nouns and verbs. Good luck!